home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- VIDEO, Page 101A Zany Redheaded EverywomanLucille Ball: 1911-1989By William A. Henry III
-
-
- When her first TV series debuted on Oct. 15, 1951, there was
- no way to tell that Lucille Ball was beginning an apparently
- immortal love affair with the American public, and not much reason
- even to expect commercial success. Ball was a comely redhead with
- a semisultry voice and knockout legs, but she was also nearly 40
- and a veteran of almost two decades in the supporting ranks of show
- business. She had been a movie actress but hardly a superstar; she
- had enjoyed moderate success in radio but had only fleeting
- experience in the new medium of video. She refused to move from the
- West Coast to New York City, where nearly all shows then
- originated, and she insisted on co-starring her husband, an obscure
- bandleader whose Cuban syntax was so conspicuous that his dressing
- room featured the sign ENGLISH BROKEN HERE.
-
- Nothing, in short, about her prior career hinted that she could
- be as deft and daring as Harold Lloyd, as rubber-faced as Bert
- Lahr, as touching as Chaplin -- and more ladylike than Milton
- Berle. Along with the other foremost icon of the '50s Golden Age
- of TV, Jackie Gleason, Ball was a larger-than-life talent uniquely
- suited to the small screen. Her signature series, I Love Lucy, and
- its successors endured more than two decades in prime time, from
- 1951 to 1974, one of the few immutables in a sea of social change.
- Lucy, seen in more than 80 countries and in perpetual reruns in the
- U.S., has a cumulative audience in the tens of billions.
-
- The daughter of a Jamestown, N.Y., electrician, Ball left home
- at 15 to study acting in New York City. Although she started as a
- model and chorus-line beauty, she never lost touch with the
- insecure, self-conscious adolescent inside her and seemed most at
- ease when playing a zany or a frump. Her great creation was the
- Lucy character, a Little Scamp who was forever conniving, forever
- failing, forever meriting punishment yet winning forgiveness. The
- thwarted schemer was a figure dating back to the Romans if not the
- Greeks, but Ball deftly sentimentalized the character, merged its
- cunning intellect with joyously low physical comedy and, perhaps
- most important, feminized it. Her shows -- I Love Lucy, The Lucille
- Ball and Desi Arnaz Show, The Lucy Show and Here's Lucy --
- reflected the major post-World War II social trends, from the baby
- boom to the exodus to the suburbs to the democratization of travel.
-
- Their foremost concern was the yearning of one redheaded
- Everywoman to get out of the kitchen and into a job and then, once
- employed, to emerge from beneath the boss's thumb. She endured any
- indignity in search of her big chance. The greatest indignity of
- all, it generally turned out, was the chuckling condescension of
- her husband Ricky, played by her real-life husband and business
- partner Desi Arnaz. The confident king of the castle, he was always
- ready to teach Lucy a lesson. Looking back from an '80s
- perspective, some observers have suggested that Lucy was virtually
- an abused wife. In retrospect, Ball might have agreed. Certainly,
- she was bitter about the off-camera problems caused by Arnaz's
- drinking, philandering and intense workaholism.
-
- The Lucy character began as a saxophonist who bleated, a
- chanteuse who croaked, a hoofer who fell down. Even in the final
- season, when the Lucy character met her look-alike, the actress
- Lucille Ball, the script concluded that the "real" Lucy was the
- star-struck onlooker, not the star. Yet, after Ball divorced Arnaz
- in 1960, the Lucy character also evolved into a capable single
- mother, then an independent and modestly successful career woman.
- Off-camera, Ball was happily remarried in 1961 to a courtly,
- protective ex-comic, Gary Morton, and took a keen maternal interest
- in the acting careers of her daughter Lucie Arnaz and son Desi
- Arnaz Jr., both of whom got started on Here's Lucy.
-
- Despite the sophistication that underlay her slapstick and the
- respect she commanded as the first woman to head a studio, Desilu
- Productions, Ball said she saw herself as "not an idea girl but a
- doer." Like the silent comedians she studied (Buster Keaton, her
- onetime office mate at MGM, taught her how to handle props) and
- impersonated (her mirror-image confrontation with Harpo Marx and
- her Chaplin homage were priceless), Ball rehearsed every sequence
- obsessively. Yet when the cameras were rolling she made each
- gesture look spontaneous, each wisecrack seem an ad lib. Memorably,
- Lucy and her sidekick Ethel Mertz (Vivian Vance) took a job
- wrapping chocolates; as the candies hurtled past on a conveyor
- belt, the hapless duo tried to keep pace by stuffing half of them
- into their mouths. Seeking to emulate a pioneer woman, Lucy opened
- an oven to remove freshly baked bread -- and was pinned against the
- sink by a loaf 8 ft. long. At long last hired for a commercial, she
- grew increasingly malaprop attempting to pronounce
- Vitameatavegamin, the 46-proof tonic she was touting, and swigging,
- at each take.
-
- So familiar were her trademark facial expressions that after
- a while scriptwriters simply inserted code words for them.
- "Puddling up" meant that Lucy's eyes would fill with tears just
- before she emitted a banshee wail. "Light bulb" signaled the
- alarming expression that crossed her face when she had a
- brainstorm. "Credentials" indicated an open-mouthed gape, as if to
- say, "How dare you!"
-
- No performer can stay at the peak of popularity forever. In
- Here's Lucy's last season, ratings dropped abruptly. Although
- specials featuring Ball proved popular, an attempt at a sitcom
- comeback in 1986 was an artistic and commercial fiasco. Audiences
- were uncomfortable watching a senior citizen drop hammers, stub
- toes and otherwise attempt a pallid imitation of the pratfall past.
- But if the Lucy of her final years was limited to Oscar and Emmy
- appearances as a cherished memory, the eternal Lucy of the reruns
- remained imperishably funny and tender. At the news of her death
- last week, millions who felt they had known her all their lives
- were puddling up.